Mechanism of respiration process in the human and Gases exchange inside the two lungs
In the inhalation process, we take oxygen gas, but in the exhalation process, we expel carbon dioxide gas and water vapor, so, the respiration process includes two processes which are inhalation and exhalation.
Respiration process
When the body is more active, the number of respiration times increases to obtain more energy needed for all the body activities.
The motion of the chest upwards in the inhalation process, and it is downwards in the exhalation process, and it increases during walking and there is more increase during running.
The diaphragm
The diaphragm is a muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity, and it has an important role in the respiration process.
Inhalation process
In the inhalation process, the diaphragm muscle contracts and moves down, and the ribs rise upwards, The chest cavity enlarges and the air rich in oxygen gas (the inhaled air) enters the two lungs through the nasal cavity (the nose).
Exhalation process
In the exhalation process the diaphragm muscle relaxes and moves up, and the ribs move down, The thoracic cavity becomes narrow and the air rich in carbon dioxide gas and the water vapour (the exhaled air) goes out from the two lungs through the nasal cavity (the nose).
Gases exchange inside the two lungs
The exchange of gases occurs between the air existed in the alveoli and the blood capillaries through their thin walls.
The blood leaves carbon dioxide gas (produced from the burning of food) and carries oxygen gas (from the inhalation process), and distributes it all over the body cells, and carbon dioxide gas is ejected out of the two lungs.
The lungs shrink or spread out by the muscles between the ribs of the thoracic cavity and by the diaphragm muscle, and they are free from the muscles, so they can not shrink or spread out alone.
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