Importance, structure and uses of periscope, How does a periscope work

The periscope is an instrument for observation over, around or through the object, obstacle or condition that prevents direct line-of-sight observation from the observer’s current position, The periscope is used to monitor the dangerous chemical reactions in the laboratory and they are used in observing the nuclear reactors.

The Periscope

Periscope of submarine

The periscope is an instrument for observation, It consists of a tube with mirrors at each set parallel to each other at a 45-degree angle, with the addition of two simple lenses, and it depends on the occurrence of regular light reflection on the plane mirrors.

The periscopes allow the submarine to search visually for nearby targets and threats on the surface of the water and in the air when they are submerged at a shallow depth.

Periscope

The periscope is used in the submarines to see what is going on the water surface, It was used for observation purposes in the trenches during World War I, It is used in some gun turrets and it is used in armed vehicles.

The periscope is used in the submarines to see the events that are happening behind a wall or a barrier, and some submarines use complex periscopes that use prisms or advanced fiber optics instead of mirrors to provide magnification, Complex periscopes operate on submarines and in different fields of science.

The periscopes are used to observe obstacles of between 9 and 26 meters in height, and they are used in the submarines in general observation of submerged navigation, and for correctly aligning the submarine when firing a torpedo at a target.

The periscope is used to determine the distance of the torpedo attack, it determines the correct time to fire the torpedo with high speed, The periscopes are used to observe dangerous places, and they are used in the fuel tanks to see around and above the vehicles.

The periscopes are used in pointing and firing the guns, they are used in the submarines to view possible threats such as the enemy submarines or the sea mines in the navy.

Importance of a Periscope

A periscope is an optical device commonly used to observe objects from a concealed or protected position. It consists of a tube with mirrors or prisms at each end, which allows the user to see over, around, or through obstacles. the periscope is a versatile tool with applications ranging from military and defense to scientific research and education. Its ability to provide indirect viewing makes it invaluable in various fields.

• Periscopes are crucial in military applications, especially in submarines. They allow submarines to observe the surface of the water while remaining submerged, providing critical information on enemy positions, ships, or land. Periscopes are used in armored vehicles like tanks to allow the crew to see the battlefield while remaining protected inside.
• Periscopes are used in situations where direct line-of-sight observation would be dangerous or impractical. This includes observing hazardous areas, like inside nuclear reactors or monitoring sensitive installations.
• In scientific instruments, periscopes help researchers observe phenomena from a safe distance or under controlled conditions, like observing wildlife or in laboratory settings.
• The principle of periscopes is applied in engineering designs where indirect viewing is necessary, such as in the inspection of engines or other complex machinery without dismantling.

Uses of a Periscope

• Periscopes are essential for submarines, allowing them to scan the surface for enemy ships, land, or aircraft while staying underwater and undetected.
• Tanks and Armored Vehicles: Periscopes allow the crew to see outside while being protected inside, helping them navigate and engage targets.
• In observation towers or posts, periscopes provide a wide view of the surroundings without exposing the observer to potential threats.
• Simple periscopes are often used in educational settings to teach principles of optics, reflection, and light.
• Adaptations of the periscope’s design are used in medical instruments like endoscopes, allowing doctors to see inside the human body with minimal invasion.
• In some outdoor activities, such as bird watching or hunting, periscopes help observers maintain a low profile while observing wildlife.

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