Earthquakes and safety precautions must be taken at the occurrence of earthquakes

The earthquake

The earthquakes

The earthquakes are rapid and successive shakes of the ground which take place one after the other, Every day, the Earth’s crust is exposed to nearly 400 earthquakes, Actually, we do not feel them, but the seismic and the remote sensation detecting centers record and track them.

Causes of the occurrence of the earthquake:

1. Breaking of the crust and formation of faults (The direct cause of the occurrence of the earthquake).

   The fault is a fracture in the Earth’s crust that leads to the sliding of rocks in a vertical direction or in a horizontal direction on both sides of the fracture.

2. The volcanic eruptions may be accompanied by shaking of the ground due to the movement of molten materials and trapped gases before and during their coming out of the Earth’s surface.

Not all volcanic activities are accompanied by earthquakes.

Earthquakes are recorded by an apparatus known as a “Seismograph”, Earthquakes vary in their intensity between very unfelt smooth shakes and extremely violent shakes that lead to great damage.

Dangers of earthquakes: 

1. Earthquakes cause great losses in spirits and building.

2. They cause roads blocking, dams destruction and the occurrence of great fires. 

3. They cause extremely high waves in the seas which destroy and submerge the coastal cities, These waves are called “tsunami waves”  (marine tide waves). 

   Tsunami waves are waves of extreme height caused by earthquakes that take place in the seas’ bottom.

Benefits of earthquakes

It is possible to know the Earth’s internal structure by studying seismic waves of earthquakes and their reflections on the separating surfaces between the inner Earth’s layer.

Safety and security precautions must be taken at the occurrence of earthquakes

• If you were at a building, you must sit under a hard table.
• If you were outdoors, you must go away as far as possible from the building.

• If you were in the car, you must remain inside. 

  Earthquakes consequences are dangerous shakes that follow the occurrence of the earthquake and they are relatively less in strength.

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