Principles of drug use refer to a set of guidelines aimed at ensuring that the use of drugs, whether medicinal or recreational, is done safely, ethically, and with an understanding of the consequences. These...
Effective prescribing for elderly patients requires careful consideration of the individual’s health status, drug interactions, and aging-related physiological changes. A personalized approach, regular medication reviews, and a focus on minimizing unnecessary medications can improve...
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a record of the electrical changes (depolarization and repolarization) that occurs in the heart to get a complete picture of the electrical activity of the various parts of the heart,...
Heart failure is a clinical syndrome in which the heart can’t maintain adequate cardiac output to meet the body’s metabolic needs despite normal ventricular filling, 6-10% of people older than 65 years have HF.